Building stone



july 2, 1929. B. F. DE LAS HERASV BUILDING STONE Filed March 18, 1927Patented July 2, 1929.

PATENT OFFICE.

BERNARDO FERNANDEZ DE Les HERAS, or MADRID, SPAIN.

BUILDING STONE.

Application filed March 18, 1927. Serial N'o. '176,524.

This invention relates to building stones for theerection of buildingseither above or below the surface of the earth, and particularlyartificial stones, such as are made of a 5 mixture of slag, cinders,sand, lime, and cement. I

According to the invention the stones are made of such a size as to becapable of taking supports for a suspension scaffolding andtakingehannels for flues,wvater mains and the like; and for this purposethe stones are provided with horizontal perforations running through thewall from the inside to the outside, so as to take the scaffolding sup-16 ports, and in order to take the conduits, fines or the like, thestones are provided with channels running vertically in the thickness ofthe wall, which vertical channels have no connection with the horizontaltransverse 20 channels. This system is especially suited forthe erectionof high buildings (such as sky-scrapers) and also of high chimneys (suchas factory chimneys).

The provision in stones of walls of small channels running horizontallyalong the wall, so as to afford circulation of the air along the latter,is already known; as is also the connection of such channels with smallair-channels running vertically in the wall, or the provision at thecorners of walls of stones with channels leading through from above tobelow, into which the various airchannels running along the wall enter.These channels are again connected with the air outside by othercross-channels.

Arrangements of that kind serve hygienic purposes, but can not dojustice to the practical requirements aiming at the rapid and cheaperection of buildings, walls or the like. Such practical requirementsare, however, satisfied by the arrangement shown in this invention, aswith this invention it is not necessary to build special scaflolding inerecting a wall, nor is it necessary to construct chimney fines or otherexhaust or drainage channels, as the arrangements therefor are providedin the stones themselves, whereby the manufacture of the stones is notrendered more expensive, whilst the erection of buildings or walls withsuch stones is considerably cheapened. In the re moval of the stones,for example in raising or lifting them, bars can be placed through theopenings provided for the scaffolding the suspension scaffolding, whichrenders the building independent of the erection of high scaffolding, ismade by placing the supports for the scaffolding through the channelsrunning horizontally through the thickness of the wall from the insideto the outside and then joining at least two of these supports tightlytogether by means of vertical scaffolding props on either side of thewall,

Where-upon the scaffolding is completed in the usual way.

The drawing attached hereto shows the invention applied to a building incourse of erection. The blocks or stones are designated by M, M; P and Rare archstones and S are blocks for filling-in between the girders. Theletters m and a represent the cylindrical cavities of the blocks.

The figures 1, 2, 8, 4:, 5, 6, 7 8. and 9 are the horizontal bars, whichare introduced into the blocks. I, II, III, IV and V are verticalscaffolding props, to which the bars are fastened. X, Y and Z representthe flooring boards of the scaffolding.

To erect a wall, the blocks M are placed side by side so that thevertical ends of the stones of the first row do not coincide with thoseof the next row, and at the same time so that in each case twohorizontal holes mi and a coincide on either side. one row form a layerof the wall. Into the holes 1, 2, 3, etc. are placed the scaffoldingbars, the ends of which, as may be seen from the drawing, projectexternally.

These bars are in each case placed so that they form a vertical linewith the bars of the lower layer of the wall and can be fastened to thescaffolding ties I, II and III, thus preventing any slipping of thelatter to either side. Protective boards are also fitted to thescaffolding ties in the usual manner. The flooring boards are laid onthe bars, so that a complete suspension scaffolding is obtained.

As afurther precaution, the scaffolding The blocks of ties are fastenedon the outside with screws. Upon completion of a layer of the wall, thelower bars are taken out and laid into the next layer above and fastenedin the manner above described.

As the blocks are laid one upon another in the manner stated, a'chi'mneyis formed in the thickness of the wall, which may be used either as afine or for laying electrical or gas I mains. In addition, provided thewalls are rendered waterproot, water can be flushed through the channelthus formed.

Having now described my invention, what I claim .is :1 w

1. Theherein-described method of buildmg a Wall or the like, consistingin applying superimposed courses of building units with certain of suchunits formed with transverse openlngs, removably insertingscaffold-supporting elements in such transverse openings with theelements projecting beyond the face ings at substantially right anglesto such wall "face, connecting the outer ends of the elements togetherfor bracing, and utilizing the elements beyond the face of the wall asscafiold supports.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

BERNARDO FERNANDEZ do his HERAS. i

